Gold and silver are flying higher this year — and so are the exchange traded funds (ETFs) that track them. Can the trends continue? More important, how can you best profit from them? Today we’ll explore those questions.
As you will see, the various precious metals ETFs don’t necessarily move together. Anyone who forgets this fact is taking unnecessary risk and possibly missing some potential gains.
First let’s see where we’ve been …
The most popular ETF proxies for gold and silver bullion are SPDR Gold (GLD) and iShares Silver (SLV). Over the four years ending 12/31/2010, GLD jumped 113 percent and SLV surged 118 percent.
Both ETFs more than doubled during this period. And they were as volatile as ever, falling hard in the late 2008 financial crisis. Nonetheless, the long-term trends were definitely bullish for both. The gains were of similar magnitude, though SLV did a bit better.
Gold and silver have also done well this year. But this time I see something different. In the first four months of 2011, GLD was up a healthy 9.8 percent. SLV? Its gain in the same period was a staggering 55.3 percent!
In other words, this year the silver ETF is outperforming the gold ETF by more than five to one! Does that make sense?
Certainly it’s no surprise to see precious metals in a bull market right now …
U.S. government debt is spiraling out of control, the Federal Reserve is printing dollars like crazy, and demand from the emerging markets is causing a run on all kinds of natural resources. Inflation talk is everywhere! Yet it’s unusual to see silver performing so much better than gold.
To track the historical relationship between the two metals, let’s take a look at …
The Gold/Silver Ratio
When SLV was launched in April 2006, the gold/silver ratio was about 47:1. You needed 47 ounces of silver to buy one ounce of gold. It stayed in fairly close range between 45:1 and 57:1 for the next two years.
In October 2008, when the banking system was on the edge of collapse, the gold/silver ratio shot up to 83:1. Why? Because investors were willing to pay a premium to own gold rather than silver. Gold was perceived as the more valuable commodity as it was less vulnerable to falling industrial demand and is often considered a global currency.
Over the next two years the gold/silver ratio never went below 58:1, but then it began dropping steadily as silver rallied. Now it’s down near 33:1, which is close to being a historical extreme. The ratio has dropped from 83:1 all the way to 33:1 in just two-and-a-half years. That’s a significant change over a relatively short time.
All prices — stocks, bonds, commodities, whatever — are ultimately determined by the balance of supply and demand. Financial markets exist because they are a good way to find that balance. A change on either side of the equation will affect the price.
Silver has many industrial uses in addition to its long-standing monetary role as the “poor man’s gold.” Worldwide supplies haven’t grown much and demand for silver is healthy.
Still, the current rally looks more than a little overdone. The availability of SLV and similar ETFs makes it easy for speculators to pile into this relatively small market. The result is a price spike.
Last weekend Barron’s reported that per-share SLV trading volume actually overtook the venerable SPDR S&P 500 ETF (SPY). Whatever you think about stocks or silver, this is simply ridiculous!
Silver is a niche market. The S&P 500 is, by definition, THE market. No matter how you measure it, trading volume for these two instruments shouldn’t even be close.
This tells me that the SLV rally is getting absurdly speculative. Can it continue? Of course. I’ve found over the years that momentum can carry an ETF far higher (or lower) than most people think possible. Picking a top in a market like silver is tough.
I also can’t help thinking back to 1979-80. Billionaire brothers Nelson Bunker Hunt and William Herbert Hunt tried to corner the silver market, driving prices from $11 an ounce up to nearly $50. In January 1980, the exchange tightened margin rules.
The Hunt brothers were unable to make their margin calls. Panic ensued and silver prices plunged. Investors who showed up late for the party were wiped out.
Even though the exchange is again tightening margin rules for silver, I’m not predicting a repeat of 1980. I don’t think anyone has today’s silver market cornered. I do believe, however, that at this point the risk in SLV, or anything else silver-related, is very high — unacceptably high.
Would it make sense to go short in silver? There’s an ETF for that: ProShares UltraShort Silver (ZSL). Be very careful: ZSL is a pretty risky trade, too. The 2x daily leverage makes an already-volatile market even crazier.
When silver crashes this time (and it will, sooner or later), look for the media to blame ETFs like SLV and ZSL. They’ll be wrong, of course; the 1980 fiasco proved that silver can soar and crash even without ETFs in the mix.
Bottom line: If you want to own a precious metals ETF right now, I think those that follow gold are likely to be a much better value than silver ETFs. Gold is by no means a low-risk market. But compared to silver, it’s an island of stability.
Best wishes,
Ron
{ 30 comments }
Why not diamonds ?
so what are your thoughts on high it could go again before a real crash of sorts ? … and whats your take on physical silver.
There is a 10 year supply of silver above ground at current rate of consumption and production. Then its gone with only one way to get more and that is dig it up. The gold from 1500 BC until now is still circulating. That’s the difference. Do NOT BUY ponzi scheme paper silver. When the ponzi scheme manipulations of 2 banks is over the price discovery will be something of marker in human history. Those with physical silver will find themselves way up the food chain and in reality without real warning. Even silver bugs dont understand what happening because the government was dumping for so long our coin reserves the price stayed down. The Hunt brothers thought they could take advantage of a small respit when the government was slowing that sale of silver coins. Then the banks walked into a ponzi scheme they are caught in and cant buy out of so they are committed to rolling it over and over. When that pops and the above ground supply is given its real available supply numbers minus paper silver the price discovery will be mythical tale for those in the next generations.
I have a question about what others here feel will happen to the precious metal values if another crash occurs. I had stocked up on gold ETFs in 2008 thinking when the market crash came, that money would flow into the metals. It didn’t, GLD went down also. I lost about 30% of my value.
What are the reader’s opinions on where the metals might go in another crash? I would also like to encourage some “conversation” here among readers, since the authors of these articles seldom respond to questions.
thanks
Martin,
If another crash is going to occur in the stock markets precious metal stocks will go down with the market just like before, along with stable dividend stocks that Nilius like’s. There really is no safe havens, you would need to be a great market timer, and pick the correct inverse ETF’s to trade daily.
If I were to guess where GLD and SLV were to go on a crash correction, it all has to do with the size of the market correction, but I do believe we’ll see gold below $1000 an OZ again, and SLV back to normal levels in the $18 a share price, when I dont know.
The unemployment numbers continue to be stubborn, which seasonally should be lowering, but today shows they are going in the wrong direction, and if Gas continues to stay in the $4 a gallon price or higher I think we could likely see a large correction late summer or early fall, b/c the consumer is feeling the pinch at the pump and grocery prices, this on top of an already weak economy could spell disaster. The Fed of course will jump in to help stabilize the Markets with some Gimmick. The economy is still very tied to oil, and these prices in 2008 proved to be the tipping point, I see no reason for it to be any different this time around. Remember the economy started to go south in late 2007, early 2008 long before the financial meltdown in the fall of 2008.
I believe that no two crashes are alike. There are so many variables that trying to predict what will be the winners and losers ahead of time is far from being an exact science.
If you were able to accurately tell someone ahead of time about the financial meltdown of 2008, then common sense, along with most analysts, would have considered gold to be a good investment for that period. However, history has proven common sense to be incorrect.
The last time, Treasury securities were the only winners (for long investors). Next time is still unknown. Whatever it is, I think you need to employ multiple approaches. You do not want to put all your eggs in just one basket in case that basket becomes one of the next victims.
We all should know that fiat money isn’t real. Silver and gold are. Many investors are long on silver. If so many big and small investors are short on the dollar, where else would they put their money ? China has a thriving economy and is encouraging it’s citizens to buy gold and silver. Their currency is also up. More and more countries are buying physical metals. I listen and follow people who have good and proven habits. When I do the math, I make more money holding silver than interest earned in a bank.
It hardly seems like a projection of metal prices to drop several days after it has already happened. I thought everyone who has been reading the newspapers knew silver has dropped from near $50 to $37.
jerry, you’re the best !
Jerry, unfortunately the production schedule this week had me writing this on Monday. I agree that the events of the past three days no longer makes this look timely. However, the primary thrust of the article was the gold/silver ratio, and I believe that analysis is still valid.
Martin, I know, right? As in, there isn’t a place for conversation (or people willing to do it) and the Weiss et als oughta know they’ve got quite the following. Unfortunately I am not/cannot be in an ETF because my 401k only allows a mining stock so I get to watch that with even MORE volatility…as far as I’m concerned..
And since I am writing this, I have a another wish list item, too. I wish that 401Ks were brought up more often. Just about everyone has one yet CNBC or Fox never, ever, eVeR talk about them.
I agree with Jerry’s post. Predicting metals to drop after they have already done so is kind of like the pope changing the catholic church’s position on the earth being the center of the universe.
Market manipulation. LIES from our “government”/MEDIA. ONE in the same. Constitutionally TREASONOUS Fed Reserve. FIAT $$= UNLIMITED MONEY! Currency (MONEY) is WHY America was “formed”. IMMEDIATLY thereafter,”our” country was STOLEN. Real Estate Millionare turned POOR boy sandwich. Why? MONET is NOT supposed to be a COMODITY. NOR are YOU> But, YOU are. When the American people figure THIS out, PERHAPS our FREEDOM may be RESTORED. I will NOT hold my breath. Silver goes down 25% in THREE DAYS! Thats rediculous AND IMPOSSIBLE without MANIPULATION> WAKE-UP everybody!!!!!!!
Wayne, I totally agree with you. Nothing has really changed since ’08. The documentary “Inside Job” is still relevant today. Wake up America! The charts are telling us that we will have a huge break down this September. What do you think?
The commodity markets have been manipulated by huge hedge funds for some time now. Soon, they will begin to bail out and the commodities bubble will break. As an economic analyst, I see the next 12 months as a major flip flop of markets. The deflationary contraction of the money supply continues and cannot be controlled. Soon, we could see commodities fall hard and the dollar rise dramatically as a strong deflation cycle begins. This could last for as long as 7-10 years to be followed by a new inflation cycle sometime in 2020. The real danger is, the next inflation cycle will probably turn into hyper-inflation. But for now, a dangerous Deflation cycle hidden behind a commodity manipulation being called inflation is getting ready for a double dip, especially in housing and jobs. Lot’s of pain coming our way before anything gets better. A giant reboot has just begun.
Good article, Thanks Ron
Sell ZSL and buy AGQ.
I read with great interest the knowledgeable comments by readers. I have been buying mint proof gold and silver coins since about 1987. They are all in their original mailers. Also, purchased Olmypic coins as a hobby. Not only am I getting nervous about having them in the house,but I am wondering if this would be an opportune time to “cash in.” I am 74 ….a retired educator. Thanks for any advice you can offer me.
My personal opinion is that now is the best time to buy silver….two years ago it was at 37. Today its at 39 and we are still holding a 14 trillion dollar deficit. I think the biggest problem are those buying and selling….it gves the market no stability. But thats the way it is. I guess its all about making a buck. Try the buy at good prices and hold for the time the dollar falls method.
Bob, if you need the money to live get out. If you believe you can make through a cycle of downturn stay in, because those coins may be the only thing of value. The truth is the dollar has NO value at its current debt. The last value I heard to be real was 5 cents per dollar. That was two years ago…and we did not have this deficit.
Or better yet, sell only what you must…..
Wayne, its like stocks…and there is manipulation going on….from people not buying futures on silver to Soros dumping silver….and I would bet any money that Soros is waiting to buy even as I type these words….making Americans poorer as he did in England. Unless our debt dissappers silver will go back up. It seems a no-brainer.
The USA motor industry with the compulsory support of the schmuck tax payer has invested heavily in the electric car. The biggest boost to forcing you to buy that product will be the manipulation of the hydrocarbon market. If that can be (and will be) manipulated, all markets are at the whim of vested interests so don’t waste time thinking logically and extolling free markets, just latch onto the coat tails of the successful serial manipulators, Goldman Sucks and all will be well.
Just a thought. Lots of small investors know or have heard that they should own metals as a hedge against inflation etc. Many might find it harder to purchase gold at $1500 plus, vs silver under $50. Much of the demand for silver could be driven by the smaller investors who can’t stomach the price of gold.
Thank you for fixing the printing problem….Alan
Yes, it’s very difficult to predict short term moves in any market; stocks, bonds, silver, gold, etc. But there are some fundamental principles that govern long term financial activities. The fundamental that most seem to forget is when the money supply is expand without a corresponding increase in the quantity of commodities, in general, PRICES WILL RISE. The money supply has been expanding ever since the Federal Reserve System began operation in 1914 and between then and now a lot of the money has been created that has gone into foreign hands during that 97 year period. Foreigners have been holding onto those dollars for a number of reasons which I’ll not explain here. There is more than $7 trillion in foreign hands due to the trade deficit alone and that doesn’t include foreign aid, loans to third world countries, etc. Foreigners, especially the Japanese, Taiwanese and Chinese have been supplying us with cheap products that have kept prices in the U.S. much lower than they would have been if all that money had stayed home. This has delayed the operation of cause (expansion of the money supply) and effect (rising prices) in the U.S.
Foreigners see Bernanke’s radical expansion of the money supply and know it will cause prices to rise. Of course this is just one way of saying that the value of the dollar will fall – which it’s doing. Thus foreigners want to get something for their dollars before they lose any more purchasing power so they are purchasing U.S. commodities including gold and silver. Thus we have dollars coming back to our shores and commodities going out. This further upsets the balance between the quantity of money and the quantity of commodities.
Once this is clearly understood, it’s easy to predict that prices of everything, including gold and silver, will continue to rise for quite a while yet because there is still a lot of money that’s coming home. Foreigners will see the current drop in specie prices as a fortuitous gift and it’s my bet that they will buy with both fists full of dollars. However, they may wait to see how much further it drops before they jump in and buy. This will drive prices back up.
How will the rise in the prices of gold and silver compare to the rise in other commodities? That’s almost impossible to predict with certainty. To a large extent it depends on the outlook of foreigners. Do they want long term financial security or short term “flash in the pan†profits? It’s not possible to predict what percent of foreign held dollars will go into gold and silver and what percent into other commodities or investments (real estate, factories, etc.). But one thing you can count on for sure is that a portion of the those dollars will go into gold and silver until all the hoard is returned and by that time we will probably be in hyperinflation.
Yes, there will undoubtedly be some pull-backs in precious metals prices, but in the overall picture prices will continue to rise until money creation by the FED is stopped and foreign dollars are back in the U.S. How high will they go? I don’t have any idea, but I’m certain it will be much higher than they are now because there is so much fraudulent money floating around and people will naturally try to protect themselves from dollar depreciation. Buying gold and silver is a good way to do it.
It’s very likely that the dollar will be replaced by another currency before it becomes worthless like the German Mark did in 1923. But the new currency will also be a managed fraudulent currency which looks different but will continue to be the product of legalized counterfeiting, just like the dollar is. This may delay the ultimate world-wide economic collapse but it will not prevent it.
I see some comments about “deflation†which is a commonly misused word. Inflation is expansion of the money supply which causes prices to rise and deflation is the converse – a decrease in the money supply – not falling prices. Using the word “deflation†to denote falling prices confuses cause and effect relationships and leads to false solutions to problems. It’s true that a reduction in the money supply would cause prices to fall but so does a lot of other things which do not reduce the money supply – such as falling real estate prices and crashing stock markets. Hoarding money also causes prices to fall but does not reduce the money supply. The money is still available for purchases when the hoarder thinks the time is right, and it’s often the worst time for the economy. People who are saving today will probably contribute to hyperinflation in the future. As Bernanke continues to expand the money supply, prices will continue to rise and savers will have the choice of watching their savings lose purchasing power or spend them in order to avoid the loss – they will spend them and thereby add to the glut of dollars floating around.
There’s a time lag between the counterfeiting operation and rising prices which confuses people. It will probably be nine months to a year down the road before prices begin to rise as a result of Bernanke’s present counterfeiting operations. The price increases we are experiencing today are a result of PAST money creation by the FED plus the repatriation of foreign held dollars explained above. Of course in the past the FED created those dollars with which foreigners buy our commodities today. Thus we see there has been a delay of several decades between cause (expansion of the money supply) and effect (rising prices).
Incidentally, the historical ratio between gold and silver has been 16, not 33, so it has some more falling to do before it stabilizes.
Bill Denman.
Bill, I’m only aware of one time the ratio dropped to near 16 and that was in 1980 during the Hunt brothers manipulation. Here is a link to long-term charts:
http://www.gold-eagle.com/charts/gegsr.html
A ratio of 33:1 may not be the lowest, but it is certainly an extreme level.
16:1 is the original and still fairly accurate market ratio for the supply of silver to the supply of gold in a market situation where both metals are used as currency. As nothing more then a commodity the ratio is 60+. It is clear the historic 16-1 ratio will keep drawing nearer as the threat to the US dollar is existential but no one seems to care or realize it yet. When the world gets tired of dollars, the US economy is over, and you can bet the 16:1 ratio will return as you can’t buy anything with a 2000$ chunk of gold unless you can make change with silver.
In the earths crust you usually get about 15-20 ounces of silver for every ounce of gold. so if money were still based on gold and silver it seems logical that somewhere between 15-20 to 1 would be the norm….the graph needs to go further back in time…….say 2000 years of history maybe?
If I remember, correctly, the exchange action that broke the Hunt brothers was not an increase in the reserve requirement, but the requirement that they accept cash in lieu of physical delivery at the completion of the contract. That was, after all, the method they used to drive up the price, creating an artificial scarcity of the physical product by holding the contracts to maturity and insisting on the physical delivery of the silver for completion of the contract. They never sold, they only bought and they had enough money to make it work. When they were forced to accept cash in the amount of the market price in lieu of physical delivery, the scarcity evaporated and the bottom fell out of the market.
I tell you what!!!, you stay with the dollar and the stock market and I shall stay simply with the silver and gold for sure!!! I also want you to tell every one in America and the world how THE U.S.A. WILL PAY OUR DEBTS AND BRING THE JOBS BACK AND RAISE THE STANDARD OF LIVING FOR NEARLY EVERYONE? PLEASE! TAKE A LOOK AT HISTORY AND THEIR YOU HAVE THE ANSWER. AS I SEE IT ALL, THE WORSE IS YET TO ARRIVE! IT WILL BE HERE SOON, REAL SOON!